Rat Adrenergic Receptor Beta 3 (ADRB3) Protein

Background

The adrenergic receptor beta-3 (ADRB3) is a member of the beta-adrenergic receptor family, which is primarily expressed in adipose tissue, particularly brown and white fat, as well as in the bladder and vascular tissues. This G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) plays a critical role in regulating lipolysis and thermogenesis by activating adenylate cyclase through the Gs protein. Upon stimulation by catecholamines like norepinephrine and epinephrine, ADRB3 enhances energy expenditure, making it a key target in the management of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Its involvement in thermogenesis is mediated through the activation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in brown adipose tissue, which dissipates energy as heat. Polymorphisms in the ADRB3 gene, such as the Trp64Arg variant, have been associated with altered receptor activity, contributing to metabolic conditions like obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Additionally, ADRB3 is implicated in bladder relaxation, making it a therapeutic target for overactive bladder syndrome. Its dual role in energy metabolism and smooth muscle relaxation underscores its significance in systemic metabolic regulation and pharmaceutical research.