Mouse Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Beta (PTK2b) Protein

Background

Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Beta (PTK2B), also known as Pyk2, is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase related to PTK2 but has distinct roles in calcium signaling, immune responses, and neuronal function. PTK2B is activated by increased intracellular calcium levels, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and environmental stress. Structurally, PTK2B shares a similar architecture with PTK2, including an FERM domain, kinase domain, and focal adhesion targeting region, but has a unique sensitivity to calcium signaling. PTK2B regulates cytoskeletal dynamics, cell adhesion, and migration, particularly in immune cells and neurons. PTK2B is highly expressed in the nervous system and plays a pivotal role in synaptic plasticity, neuronal migration, and memory formation. Its overactivation has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease by modulating tau phosphorylation and beta-amyloid signaling. In the immune system, PTK2B influences macrophage activation, B-cell responses, and inflammatory signaling pathways. Dysregulation of PTK2B is also associated with certain cancers, where it promotes cell survival, invasion, and tumor progression. Targeting PTK2B is being explored for potential therapeutic interventions in cancer and neuroinflammation.