Mouse CD180 Antigen (CD180) Protein

Background

CD180, also known as RP105 (radioprotective 105 kDa protein), is a cell surface molecule prominently expressed on immune cells, particularly B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. As a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, CD180 plays a significant role in the immune system by recognizing microbial components and activating immune responses. Although structurally similar to TLRs, CD180 functions distinctly by forming complexes with other receptors rather than directly recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Its primary function is to regulate B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, which is crucial for antibody production and adaptive immunity. CD180 is a regulatory receptor that modulates the response of B cells to various antigens, providing an essential checkpoint in immune activation to avoid excessive immune responses and maintain balance.