Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Receptor (MC1R) Antibody

Background

MC1R is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activated by melanocortin peptides, including α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). It is primarily expressed in melanocytes, where it regulates skin and hair pigmentation by stimulating the production of eumelanin (dark pigment) through the cAMP pathway. MC1R activation increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP), activating protein kinase A (PKA) and leading to the upregulation of melanin synthesis. Variations and mutations in MC1R are associated with pigmentation phenotypes, such as red hair, fair skin, and an increased susceptibility to UV-induced skin damage and melanoma. Beyond pigmentation, MC1R plays roles in anti-inflammatory responses, immune modulation, and DNA repair, where its activation reduces inflammation and oxidative stress. MC1R agonists are being explored as therapeutic options for UV protection, melanoma prevention, and anti-inflammatory therapies. Its multifaceted role in pigmentation, inflammation, and cancer underscores MC1R’s significance as a therapeutic target.