Human Tachykinin Receptor 1 (TACR1) Protein

Background

TACR1 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is activated by neurokinin A (NKA) and substance P, which are neuropeptides from the tachykinin family. TACR1 primarily couples to Gq proteins, which activate phospholipase C (PLC), leading to the production of inositol triphosphate (IP3) and the release of intracellular calcium. This results in smooth muscle contraction, vasodilation, and increased cell signaling. TACR1 is expressed in various tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS), gastrointestinal tract, and vasculature. In the CNS, TACR1 regulates pain perception, mood, and anxiety, while in the gastrointestinal system, it is involved in regulating motility and inflammation. Dysregulation of TACR1 signaling has been implicated in pain disorders, such as chronic inflammatory pain, and conditions like asthma and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Targeting TACR1 with antagonists is being explored as a potential therapy for pain management and other inflammatory diseases.