Human Sialomucin Core Protein 24 (CD164) Protein

Background

CD164, also known as endolyn or sialomucin core protein 24 (MUC24), is a transmembrane protein involved in cell adhesion and cellular signaling. Expressed predominantly on the surface of hematopoietic progenitor cells and certain epithelial cells, CD164 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation, especially within the hematopoietic system. Located on chromosome 6q21 in humans, the CD164 gene encodes a member of the sialomucin family, which is characterized by its extensive glycosylation and sialic acid residues. CD164 is a crucial molecule in hematopoiesis, as it contributes to the retention of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in their niches and modulates the response of these cells to cytokines and growth factors. Due to its significant roles in cell adhesion and migration, CD164 has been implicated in processes such as immune cell homing, tissue regeneration, and wound healing. Additionally, it plays a role in various diseases, including cancers, where it influences tumor cell migration and metastasis. CD164 is also a biomarker in specific cancer types and a regulator of cellular responses to inflammation.