Human Platelet/Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (PECAM1) Protein

Background

PECAM1 (Platelet and Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1), also known as CD31, is an integral member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and functions primarily as a cell adhesion molecule. It plays critical roles in various physiological and pathological processes, including leukocyte transmigration, angiogenesis, vascular integrity, and immune response regulation. PECAM-1 is highly expressed on the surface of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, and some subsets of T cells. Its pivotal role in mediating cell-cell interactions makes it central to maintaining vascular homeostasis and coordinating immune responses. PECAM-1 is widely recognized for its involvement in processes like leukocyte extravasation, where it facilitates the migration of immune cells across the endothelium during inflammation. Additionally, it serves as an essential player in maintaining the structural integrity of the vascular endothelium and modulating signaling pathways linked to cell survival and inflammation. Given its broad expression and functional diversity, PECAM-1 has been a focal point of research in vascular biology, inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases.