Human Platelet Glycoprotein 4 (CD36) Protein

Background

CD36, also known as platelet glycoprotein IV (GPIV) or fatty acid translocase (FAT), is a multifunctional membrane glycoprotein involved in various physiological processes, including lipid metabolism, immune response, angiogenesis, and pathogen recognition. It is a scavenger receptor, which means it can bind and internalize a wide range of ligands, including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), long-chain fatty acids, and apoptotic cells. CD36 is expressed in a variety of tissues, including platelets, monocytes, macrophages, adipocytes, skeletal muscle, heart muscle, and endothelial cells. CD36 is part of the class B scavenger receptor family and plays a key role in cellular lipid uptake, particularly the transport of long-chain fatty acids into cells, where they are utilized for energy production or stored as triglycerides. Additionally, CD36 has significant roles in the innate immune system, acting as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) for various ligands, including microbial components and oxidized lipoproteins, contributing to the body's defense against infections and in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory conditions, such as atherosclerosis.