Human Melanocortin 5 Receptor (MC5R) Protein

Background

MC5R is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by melanocortins, including α-MSH and ACTH. It is widely expressed in various peripheral tissues, including the skin, adrenal glands, and exocrine glands. MC5R regulates the production of sebaceous lipids in sebaceous glands, contributing to skin and hair lubrication and barrier function. It also influences inflammatory responses, immune regulation, and steroidogenesis. In immune cells, MC5R activation suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine production, highlighting its role in anti-inflammatory processes. Dysregulation of MC5R has been implicated in skin disorders such as acne, where altered lipid production disrupts skin homeostasis. MC5R may also play a role in regulating energy metabolism, muscle growth, and thermogenesis. Therapeutically, MC5R agonists are being explored for their potential in treating inflammatory skin conditions, metabolic dysfunction, and immune-related disorders. Its diverse roles in lipid production, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis make MC5R a promising target for skin and metabolic therapies.