Human Macrosialin (CD68) Protein

Background

CD68 is a glycoprotein primarily expressed by cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. It belongs to the family of lysosomal-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) and is widely used as a marker for macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, and other myeloid lineage cells. Although CD68 is predominantly associated with immune system cells, it is also found in some non-hematopoietic tissues and other cell types under certain conditions, such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells. This broad expression pattern supports its diverse role in cellular processes like phagocytosis, cell adhesion, and antigen presentation. CD68 is heavily involved in macrophage biology, specifically in processes like scavenging cellular debris, tissue remodeling, and immune surveillance. This protein plays a significant role in the clearance of pathogens and apoptotic cells, contributing to immune homeostasis. It is mainly located in lysosomes and endosomes, though it can also be present on the plasma membrane.