Human Lymphocyte Function Associated Antigen 3 / LFA-3 (CD58) Protein

Background

CD58, also known as Lymphocyte Function-associated Antigen 3 (LFA-3), is a cell surface glycoprotein primarily involved in cell adhesion processes. It plays a critical role in the immune response by mediating the interaction between T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The CD58 protein is a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and is widely expressed on a variety of cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells. Its main binding partner is CD2, a receptor found on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. This interaction is essential for the formation of the immune synapse, facilitating the activation of T cells and subsequent immune responses. CD58’s role is especially important in antigen presentation, where it helps T cells to recognize and respond to foreign antigens. The molecule is involved in co-stimulation during T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement, enhancing the immune system's ability to respond to pathogens, tumors, and other immunological challenges.