Human Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein (LBP) Protein

Background

LBP is an acute-phase protein produced mainly by the liver in response to infections and inflammation It plays a crucial role in innate immunity by binding to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and delivering them to CD14 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) complexes on immune cells This process triggers signaling pathways that lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, initiating immune defense against bacterial infections Elevated LBP levels are observed in sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and chronic inflammatory diseases Dysregulation of LBP contributes to endotoxemia, where excessive immune activation results in tissue damage and organ failure It is a valuable biomarker for assessing infection severity and therapeutic outcomes in sepsis and inflammatory conditions