Human Interleukin 19 (IL19) Protein

Background

Interleukin 19 (IL19) is a member of the IL-10 cytokine family, which includes other related cytokines such as IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26. The IL-10 family plays key roles in immune regulation, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis. IL-19 was identified for its ability to influence immune responses and is involved in promoting anti-inflammatory effects and tissue repair processes, while also playing a role in the pathology of certain autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. IL-19 is primarily produced by monocytes, macrophages, keratinocytes, and other epithelial cells in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), IL-1β, and TNF-α. It is classified as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, but it exhibits immunoregulatory functions, particularly in the context of chronic inflammation. IL-19 acts through the IL-20 receptor complex, which consists of the IL-20R1 and IL-20R2 subunits, and triggers downstream signaling pathways, including the JAK-STAT pathway, to modulate the expression of various inflammatory mediators.