Human Gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase (GGH) Protein

Background

Gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase (GGH) is an enzyme involved in folate metabolism that catalyzes the hydrolysis of polyglutamated folates into monoglutamates, which are required for folate transport and cellular uptake GGH plays a key role in regulating intracellular folate levels, which are critical for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation processes Dysregulation of GGH activity can affect cellular proliferation and is associated with conditions such as cancer, where altered folate metabolism promotes tumor growth and progression GGH expression has been linked to resistance to antifolate chemotherapeutic agents like methotrexate, as increased GGH activity reduces the retention of polyglutamated drugs, decreasing their efficacy GGH also participates in redox regulation, as folate metabolism contributes to cellular antioxidant defense pathways Studies highlight its involvement in conditions like neural tube defects and anemia due to its critical role in folate homeostasis Emerging evidence suggests that GGH activity may serve as a biomarker for cancer therapy response and other folate-related metabolic disorders