Human G-Protein Coupled Receptor 55 (GPR55) ELISA Kit

Background

GPR55 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor that has been proposed as a novel cannabinoid receptor due to its activation by endocannabinoids, including lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), and synthetic cannabinoids. GPR55 is widely expressed in the brain, bone, gastrointestinal tract, and immune system, where it regulates diverse physiological processes. In the central nervous system, GPR55 modulates synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and pain perception, playing roles in neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation. In bone metabolism, GPR55 promotes osteoclast activity and bone resorption, implicating it in diseases like osteoporosis. In cancer, GPR55 is overexpressed in tumors such as breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, where it enhances cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis via LPI-mediated signaling. GPR55 activation triggers pathways such as RhoA/ROCK, ERK1/2, and NF-κB, influencing cell migration and inflammation. Dysregulation of GPR55 is associated with metabolic, inflammatory, and neoplastic diseases. Targeting GPR55 offers therapeutic potential for treating pain, bone disorders, and cancer, making it a key receptor in cannabinoid and lipid signaling research.