Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 3 (ENPP3) Antibody (APC / Cyanine 7)

Background

ENPP3, or ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3, is a member of the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP) family, which is involved in the hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides and plays significant roles in cell signaling and metabolism. ENPP3, encoded by the ENPP3 gene in humans, is prominently expressed on the surface of various cell types, including epithelial cells, immune cells, and especially on mast cells and basophils. The enzyme's primary function is to hydrolyze extracellular nucleotide phosphates, such as ATP, ADP, and NAD+, producing pyrophosphate and nucleoside monophosphates as end products. These hydrolytic activities of ENPP3 influence signaling pathways that regulate inflammation, immune responses, and cellular proliferation. The activity of ENPP3 is particularly important in the modulation of immune responses and inflammation. By controlling extracellular nucleotide levels, ENPP3 indirectly regulates purinergic signaling, which is central to processes such as cell migration, cytokine release, and response to injury. ENPP3 dysregulation is associated with a range of pathological conditions, including allergic responses, autoimmune diseases, and some cancers, making it a potential therapeutic target for intervention in these diseases.