Dog Cholecystokinin A Receptor (CCKAR) Protein

Background

CCKAR is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and brain, where it binds the peptide hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) with high affinity. It regulates digestive processes by stimulating gallbladder contraction, pancreatic enzyme secretion, and gastric motility. In the brain, CCKAR is involved in satiety signaling, regulating appetite and feeding behavior by modulating neuronal pathways in the hypothalamus and brainstem. Its activation triggers downstream signaling pathways such as phospholipase C (PLC), calcium mobilization, and protein kinase C (PKC), leading to cellular responses like smooth muscle contraction and enzyme secretion. CCKAR is implicated in metabolic disorders, including obesity, where dysregulated signaling contributes to appetite dysregulation and energy imbalance. It also plays a role in anxiety and mood disorders, as CCK signaling interacts with neurotransmitter systems like dopamine and serotonin. In cancer, CCKAR overexpression has been observed in pancreatic and gastrointestinal cancers, where it enhances cell proliferation and survival. Pharmacological targeting of CCKAR is being explored for obesity, gastrointestinal disorders, and certain cancers. Overall, CCKAR is essential for gastrointestinal function, appetite regulation, and metabolic homeostasis.