Cow Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist (IL1RN) Protein

Background

IL1RN is a natural anti-inflammatory protein that inhibits the activity of interleukin-1α (IL1α) and interleukin-1β (IL1β) by competitively binding to the IL-1 receptor (IL1R) without triggering downstream signaling This inhibition prevents IL1-mediated activation of NF-κB and subsequent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1RN plays a crucial role in balancing inflammation, protecting tissues from excessive immune responses, and maintaining homeostasis Deficiency or mutations in IL1RN lead to autoinflammatory diseases, such as deficiency of IL1RN (DIRA), characterized by systemic inflammation and tissue damage IL1RN-based therapies, like anakinra, are used for treating rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), where IL1 overproduction drives disease progression