Coagulation Factor III, Tissue Factor / CD142 (F3) Protein

Background

Coagulation Factor III, also known as Tissue Factor (F3), is a critical glycoprotein in the initiation of the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. It acts as a receptor and cofactor for Factor VIIa, forming a complex that activates Factor X, which in turn leads to thrombin generation and clot formation. Tissue Factor is highly expressed in subendothelial tissues and is exposed upon vascular injury, where it serves as the primary trigger for hemostasis. Beyond its role in coagulation, F3 also participates in various signaling pathways, influencing inflammation, angiogenesis, and cancer progression through its interaction with protease-activated receptors (PARs). Dysregulation of Tissue Factor expression is associated with pathological conditions such as thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and malignancies. The study of F3 and its interactions, including its structure and binding properties, is crucial for developing targeted anticoagulant therapies and understanding its role in disease mechanisms. Its activity is often analyzed using advanced biochemical assays to elucidate its functions in both normal and pathological states.