CD177 Antigen (CD177) Antibody

Background

CD177, also known as neutrophil antigen B1 (NB1) or PRV1 (Polycythemia Rubra Vera 1), is a glycoprotein primarily expressed on the surface of neutrophils. It is encoded by the CD177 gene on chromosome 19q13.31 and plays a significant role in immune function and inflammation. CD177 is best known for its association with polycythemia vera, a myeloproliferative disorder, and its involvement in other immune-related conditions such as neutrophil-specific antigens and immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. The CD177 protein is expressed variably on neutrophils, with only a subset of the neutrophil population expressing CD177 in individuals. This variability has clinical relevance, as CD177-positive neutrophils display distinct functional characteristics compared to CD177-negative neutrophils. One of the primary functions of CD177 is to bind to platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1/CD31), facilitating neutrophil transmigration across endothelial barriers during inflammatory responses. CD177 has gained attention for its role in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, as well as in complications related to transfusion medicine and pregnancy. Moreover, mutations and polymorphisms in CD177 are associated with a variety of neutrophil-related disorders, including polycythemia vera and alloimmune neonatal neutropenia.