anti- ABCG1 antibody

Background

ABCG1 is a transmembrane ATP-binding cassette transporter that plays a critical role in cellular cholesterol and lipid homeostasis. It is primarily involved in the efflux of cholesterol and phospholipids to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, facilitating reverse cholesterol transport and preventing intracellular lipid accumulation. ABCG1 is ubiquitously expressed but is most active in macrophages, endothelial cells, and the liver, where it regulates cholesterol levels and protects cells from lipid toxicity. Structurally, ABCG1 contains nucleotide-binding domains that hydrolyze ATP to drive lipid transport across membranes. Dysregulation of ABCG1 expression has been implicated in atherosclerosis, as impaired cholesterol efflux can lead to foam cell formation in arterial walls. ABCG1 is also involved in modulating inflammation and oxidative stress, highlighting its protective role in cardiovascular health. Furthermore, ABCG1 expression is influenced by nuclear receptors such as LXR (liver X receptor), which coordinate lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses, underscoring its importance in lipid regulatory networks and metabolic diseases.