Human Amyloid-beta Precursor Protein (APP) Protein

Background

APP is a transmembrane glycoprotein widely expressed in the brain and peripheral tissues that plays a critical role in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and cell adhesion APP is proteolytically processed by enzymes such as α-secretase, β-secretase, and γ-secretase, leading to the production of various fragments, including the beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide Abnormal processing of APP and the accumulation of Aβ peptides form amyloid plaques, which are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease and contribute to neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration APP also interacts with various proteins to mediate intracellular signaling and cellular responses Mutations in the APP gene are associated with early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease, highlighting its role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders